Idiopathic type of scoliosis that occurs in early childhood, it is necessary to clarify the division according to the age when scoliosis occur. Infantile, occures between 0-3 years of age. The period when infantile scoliosis occurs is usually a period of rapid growth and development, which means that in this period there is a big chance that there will be a significant worsening of the scoliotic curve.

Scoliosis was recognized at the 5th century BC, when Hippocrates described it, and also treatment for scoliosis. At the end of the 20th century, Katharina Schroth developed a three-dimensional treatment for the correction of scoliosis. From 1921, a new form of non-operative treatment of scoliosis began, which consisted of specific postural corrections, a corrective breathing pattern and correction of postural perception.

The most frequently noted long-term sequlae of untreated AIS are curve progression, back pain, cardiopulmonary problems and psyhosocial cocerns.